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Table 3 Acaricidala and insecticidalb activities of major components derived from three Cinnamomum cassia oils against stored product pests using the contact or fumigant bioassay

From: Acaricidal and insecticidal responses of Cinnamomum cassia oils and main constituents

Compounds

Insect

Stage

Bioassay

LD50 (95% CI)

LD90 (95% CI)

Slope ± SE

χ2 (df, p)

Cinnamaldehyde

T. putrescentiae

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

1.93

(1.36–2.43)

6.23

(4.82–9.46)

2.52 ± 0.42

4.578

(5, 0.599)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

0.91

(0.75–1.12)

2.30

(1.70–4.03)

3.19 ± 0.55

5.080

(4, 0.279)

S. oryzae

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

108.81

(88.69–130.72)

245.18

(193.99–360.10)

3.63 ± 0.57

3.189

(4, 0.527)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

77.80

(58.04–104.97)

291.32

(195.39–562.98)

2.23 ± 0.33

2.648

(4, 0.618)

S. zeamais

Adults

Contact(μg/cm2)

104.72

(85.25–129.05)

241.79

(183.89–392.71)

3.52 ± 0.59

6.657

(4, 0.155)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

36.48

(29.44–45.43)

97.14

(72.08–160.93)

3.01 ± 0.46

6.255

(4, 0.181)

S. cerealella

Adults

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

0.57

(0.43–0.77)

2.05

(1.39–3.90)

2.32 ± 0.35

6.676

(4, 0.154)

P. interpunctella

Adults

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

2.29

(1.71–2.98)

8.15

(5.72–14.75)

2.32 ± 0.36

2.767

(4, 0.597)

Cinnamyl acetate

T. putrescentiae

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

1.85

(1.30–2.34)

5.91

(4.60–8.86)

2.55 ± 0.42

3.382

(4, 0.760)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

1.00

(0.84–1.21)

2.27

(1.76–3.47)

3.64 ± 0.56

5.058

(4, 0.281)

S. oryzae

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

S. zeamais

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

S. cerealella

Adults

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

9.39

(8.33–10.72)

16.19

(13.58–21.76)

5.42 ± 0.83

2.197

(4, 0.700)

P. interpunctella

Adults

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

Coumarin

T. putrescentiae

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

1.54

(1.12–1.97)

6.57

(4.75–11.04)

2.04 ± 0.31

6.317

(7, 0.503)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

2.26

(1.96–2.60)

4.20

(3.47–5.77)

4.74 ± 0.72

5.477

(4, 0.242)

S. oryzae

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

38.03

(30.68–47.53)

102.61

(75.52–173.80)

2.97 ± 0.47

5.929

(4, 0.205)

S. zeamais

Adults

Contact (μg/cm2)

213.74

(172.60–261.12)

567.44

(428.61–921.98)

3.02 ± 0.48

5.536

(4, 0.237)

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

74.64

(172.60–261.12)

182.07

(137.66–296.44)

3.30 ± 0.53

5.004

(4, 0.287)

S. cerealella

Adults

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

9.36

(8.33–10.66)

15.85

(13.36–21.09)

5.61 ± 0.85

2.781

(4, 0.595)

P. interpunctella

Adults

Fumigant (μg/cm3)

  1. aExposed for 24 h
  2. bExposed for 48 h
  3. cNo activity