Table 3 Volatile components of the extracted gum samples for factors under investigation

1,3 Octanal

1.15 ± 0.16 a

0.91 ± 0.25 b

1.25 ± 0.22 b

1.36 ± 0.03 a

1.00 ± 0.16 c

0.43 ± 0.23 e

1.25 ± 0.14 b

0.90 ± 0.08 d

Tricyclene

0.98 ± 0.08 b

1.06 ± 0.09 a

1.00 ± 0.04 a

0.85 ± 0.02 b

1.00 ± 0.03 a

1.10 ± 0.03 a

1.10 ± 0.07 a

1.08 ± 0.17 a

α-Thujene

1.64 ± 0.16 a

1.60 ± 0.25 b

1.70 ± 0.03 b

1.70 ± 0.19 b

1.95 ± 0.11 a

1.35 ± 0.22 c

1.95 ± 0.13 a

1.08 ± 0.04 d

α-Pinene

44.41 ± 2.16 a

43.39 ± 1.93 b

40.15 ± 1.07 e

41.00 ± 1.69 d

45.05 ± 2.00 b

44.80 ± 0.14 b

42.83 ± 1.63 c

49.58 ± 1.26 a

Comphene

2.63 ± 0.73 b

3.32 ± 0.93 a

3.48 ± 0.09 b

3.10 ± 0.95 b

3.05 ± 0.82 c

3.05 ± 0.90 c

1.43 ± 0.09 c

3.83 ± 1.51 a

verbenone

1.20 ± 0.17 b

0.88 ± 0.35 a

0.50 ± 0.27 e

0.96 ± 0.05 c

1.20 ± 0.05 b

1.78 ± 0.07 a

0.78 ± 0.43 d

1.00 ± 0.04 c

Sabinene

1.53 ± 0.22 a

1.35 ± 0.21 b

1.20 ± 0.19 c

2.10 ± 0.03 a

1.18 ± 0.07 c

1.20 ± 0.18 c

1.73 ± 0.15 b

1.25 ± 0.08 c

β-Pinene

4.41 ± 0.42 b

5.55 ± 0.74 a

5.20 ± 0.08 c

6.10 ± 0.74 a

4.65 ± 0.05 d

4.65 ± 0.08 d

5.55 ± 0.65 b

3.73 ± 0.55 e

Myrcene

1.57 ± 0.18 a

1.58 ± 0.25 a

1.75 ± 0.18 ab

1.30 ± 0.19 d

1.83 ± 0.21 a

1.63 ± 0.14 bc

1.48 ± 0.24 c

1.48 ± 0.28 c

3-Carene

3.40 ± 0.63 a

1.89 ± 0.82 b

1.98 ± 0.53 cd

1.93 ± 1.06 d

2.53 ± 1.38 bc

2.68 ± 0.48 b

4.45 ± 0.04 a

2.33 ± 0.15 bcd

α-Phelandrene

1.50 ± 0.19 b

1.71 ± 0.29 a

2.23 ± 0.15 a

1.68 ± 0.16 c

0.95 ± 0.02 e

1.28 ± 0.12 d

1.85 ± 0.08 b

1.65 ± 0.25 c

β-Ocimene

1.49 ± 0.23 a

1.13 ± 0.13 b

1.45 ± 0.22 b

1.04 ± 0.08 d

1.48 ± 0.32 b

1.28 ± 0.15 c

1.63 ± 0.14 a

1.00 ± 0.02 d

p-Cymen

1.41 ± 0.17 b

1.60 ± 0.26 a

1.53 ± 0.07 b

1.03 ± 0.02 e

1.93 ± 0.26 a

1.40 ± 0.25 c

1.25 ± 0.14 d

1.90 ± 0.08 a

Fenchone

0.73 ± 0.28 b

1.35 ± 0.20 a

0.38 ± 0.20 e

1.18 ± 0.13 bc

1.08 ± 0.02 cd

1.20 ± 0.16 b

1.00 ± 0.55 d

1.43 ± 0.04 a

Limonene

2.85 ± 0.47 b

3.96 ± 0.84 a

3.30 ± 0.41 d

4.65 ± 0.80 a

3.30 ± 0.14 d

3.80 ± 0.08 c

4.40 ± 0.52 b

0.98 ± 0.02 e

1,8-Cineole

1.08 ± 0.09 b

1.66 ± 0.23 a

1.53 ± 0.26 b

1.00 ± 0.08 d

1.54 ± 0.32 b

1.45 ± 0.08 c

0.99 ± 0.01 d

1.72 ± 0.21 a

γ-Terpinene

1.53 ± 0.23 a

1.21 ± 0.13 b

1.00 ± 0.04 c

1.75 ± 0.16 a

1.44 ± 0.06 b

1.70 ± 0.19 a

1.36 ± 0.23 b

0.98 ± 0.02 c

α-Terpinolene

2.73 ± 0.71 b

3.01 ± 0.55 a

2.13 ± 0.02 c

4.81 ± 0.04 a

2.00 ± 0.33 c

3.20 ± 0.65 b

1.84 ± 0.26 d

3.24 ± 0.54 b

Citronellel

1.32 ± 0.38 b

1.35 ± 0.23 a

1.95 ± 0.06 a

1.63 ± 0.37 b

1.40 ± 0.19 c

1.35 ± 0.16 c

0.90 ± 0.04 d

0.78 ± 0.43 e

Linalool

1.43 ± 0.23 a

1.35 ± 0.24 b

1.60 ± 0.07 b

1.00 ± 0.08 e

1.25 ± 0.20 c

2.20 ± 0.04 a

1.14 ± 0.02 d

1.15 ± 0.16 cd

Cis-verbenol

0.80 ± 0.34 b

0.89 ± 0.24 a

1.00 ± 0.04 c

0.75 ± 0.41 d

0.48 ± 0.26 e

0.38 ± 0.20 f

1.30 ± 0.33 a

1.18 ± 0.05 b

Trans-pinocarveol

1.03 ± 0.23 b

1.18 ± 0.14 a

1.58 ± 0.05 a

0.93 ± 0.10 d

1.08 ± 0.14 c

1.13 ± 0.11 c

0.50 ± 0.29 e

1.40 ± 0.14 b

Trans-verbenol

4.95 ± 0.61 b

5.13 ± 0.70 a

5.85 ± 0.86 a

5.93 ± 0.56 a

4.15 ± 0.30 c

4.63 ± 0.37 b

5.73 ± 0.57 a

3.95 ± 0.05 c

Terpinen-4-ol

1.17 ± 0.11 a

1.03 ± 0.26 b

1.13 ± 0.10 b

1.55 ± 0.07 a

1.13 ± 0.05 b

1.15 ± 0.11 b

1.18 ± 0.07 b

0.48 ± 0.26 c

Myrtenal

1.08 ± 0.11 b

1.23 ± 0.12 a

1.50 ± 0.08 a

0.93 ± 0.05 d

1.15 ± 0.11 b

1.13 ± 0.14 bc

1.13 ± 0.07 bc

1.08 ± 0.02 c

Myrtenol

1.11 ± 0.14 a

0.84 ± 0.22 b

1.11 ± 0.19 b

1.34 ± 0.06 a

0.83 ± 0.01 d

1.04 ± 0.05 c

0.66 ± 0.36 d

0.88 ± 0.08 d

Trans-carveol

0.92 ± 0.23 b

1.25 ± 0.19 a

1.20 ± 0.08 b

1.10 ± 0.08 c

1.23 ± 0.05 b

0.53 ± 0.23 e

0.84 ± 0.02 d

1.63 ± 0.19 a

Bornyl acetate

1.15 ± 0.12 a

0.71 ± 0.26 b

1.20 ± 0.08 a

1.06 ± 0.06 b

1.25 ± 0.17 a

0.48 ± 0.26 d

1.04 ± 0.05 b

0.56 ± 0.30 c

p-Cymen-7-ol

0.83 ± 0.21 b

0.94 ± 0.21 a

0.90 ± 0.02 c

0.00 d

0.93 ± 0.11 c

1.27 ± 0.02 a

1.00 ± 0.14 b

1.24 ± 0.17 a

α-Burbonene

0.94 ± 0.10 b

1.13 ± 0.11 a

0.85 ± 0.02 d

1.05 ± 0.11 b

1.14 ± 0.10 a

1.19 ± 0.14 a

1.04 ± 0.15 b

0.95 ± 0.02 c

α-Terpenyl acetate

1.29 ± 0.12 a

1.09 ± 0.12 b

1.43 ± 0.04 a

1.29 ± 0.18 b

1.18 ± 0.13 c

1.05 ± 0.02 d

1.14 ± 0.16 cd

1.06 ± 0.11 d

Longifolene

3.91 ± 0.71 a

3.23 ± 1.02 b

5.30 ± 0.41 a

2.35 ± 0.65 f

2.70 ± 0.48 e

3.93 ± 0.37 c

4.34 ± 0.63 b

2.83 ± 1.00 d

Germacren D

0.96 ± 0.11 a

0.88 ± 0.22 b

0.91 ± 0.02 d

0.80 ± 0.07 e

0.40 ± 0.22 f

1.10 ± 0.03 b

0.98 ± 0.02 c

1.35 ± 0.02 a

α-Muurolene

0.64 ± 0.25 a

0.61 ± 0.25 b

0.38 ± 0.20 e

0.92 ± 0.16 b

1.01 ± 0.16 a

0.49 ± 0.26 d

0.36 ± 0.14 e

0.58 ± 0.31 c

Total volatile components (%)

27.88

27.39

26.47

26.73

28.67

27.04

28.28

28.59