Development of DNA-based species-specific real-time PCR markers for four berry fruits and their application in commercial berry fruit foods

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 3 Slope, correlation coefficient, efficiency, and C_t values obtained by qPCR assay using the developed primers

Target species	18S rRNA	Primer	Y (Slope)	R² (correlation coefficients)	Efficiency (%)	C ^a_t
Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa)	14.33 ± 0.02	matK	− 3.589	0.993	90.1	29.4
Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa)	14.33 ± 0.02	trnL-F	− 3.359	0.996	98.5	28
Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus)	14.12 ± 0.03	rbcL	− 3.422	0.998	96	25.7
Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus)	14.12 ± 0.03	trnL-F	− 3.529	0.998	92	26.3
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)	14.29 ± 0.05	matK	− 3.527	0.998	92.1	25.3
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)	14.29 ± 0.05	rbcL	− 3.131	0.996	108.6	27.6
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)	14.35 ± 0.01	matK	− 3.63	0.993	88.6	28.1
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)	14.35 ± 0.01	trnL-F	− 3.347	0.997	98.9	26.5

^aC_t values represent the limit of detection of 10 pg of DNA from each species using the species-specific primers