Fig. 3From: Potential role of immunological factors in early diagnosis of cancer cachexia in C26 tumor-bearing micePhysiological changes during cachexia progression. For physiological characterization during cachexia progression, the total body, carcass, organs weights, and cytokine change were monitored at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after C26 cell inoculation. a Using the equation for estimating tumor weight from tumor volume obtained from a previous study, b the graph indicates the percentage of total body and carcass weight with S.E.M in the normal and cachexia groups. Dotted lines indicate 5% weight loss, indicating the end of the pre-cachexia stage. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus control. c The thymus, spleen, and liver were weighed. The bar graph represents fold-change values in the cachexia group versus the normal group, with SEM. Dotted lines indicate the normal group fold-change. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus 3 days after C26 cell inoculation. d Analysis of inflammatory cytokines during cachexia progression in blood serum samples. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured using an ELISA kit. The bar graph represents fold-change values of the cachexia group versus the normal group with standard error of the mean. Dotted lines indicate the normal group fold-change. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 versus 3 days after C26 cell inoculation. IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1Back to article page