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Table 2 Change of PFCs (ng/g) of fish cake by different treatment conditions

From: Reduction of perfluorinated compound content in fish cake and swimming crab by different cooking methods

Compound

Control

Blanching time

Boiling

Frying

Stir-frying

5 s

10 s

20 s

PFOA

0.20 ± 0.07a

0.17 ± 0.01a

0.16 ± 0.02a

0.19 ± 0.02a

0.06 ± 0.01b

0.06 ± 0.01b

0.07 ± 0.01b

PFOS

1.29 ± 0.15a

1.19 ± 0.07a

0.94 ± 0.07b

0.87 ± 0.08b

0.93 ± 0.02b

1.16 ± 0.11ab

1.15 ± 0.13ab

PFBA

0.06 ± 0.02b

0.08 ± 0.07a

0.11 ± 0.01ab

0.23 ± 0.16a

0.05 ± 0.02b

0.07 ± 0.00ab

0.10 ± 0.01a

PFPeA

0.13 ± 0.01a

0.12 ± 0.02ab

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

PFHxA

ND

0.07 ± 0.00a

0.08 ± 0.01a

ND

ND

ND

ND

PFHpA

0.08 ± 0.03a

0.09 ± 0.01a

0.09 ± 0.01a

0.07 ± 0.01a

ND

ND

ND

PFNA

0.07 ± 0.01a

0.06 ± 0.01a

0.04 ± 0.01b

0.06 ± 0.01a

ND

0.03 ± 0.01b

0.03 ± 0.00b

PFDA

0.07 ± 0.02a

0.06 ± 0.02a

0.07 ± 0.00a

0.05 ± 0.03a

ND

0.04 ± 0.01b

0.05 ± 0.00b

PFUnDA

0.23 ± 0.04a

0.20 ± 0.08a

0.19 ± 0.01a

0.17 ± 0.02a

0.15 ± 0.01b

0.18 ± 0.01b

0.17 ± 0.02b

PFDoDA

0.09 ± 0.02a

0.10 ± 0.01a

0.06 ± 0.03ab

0.06 ± 0.00b

0.03 ± 0.00b

0.03 ± 0.01b

0.04 ± 0.00b

PFTrDA

0.43 ± 0.06a

0.54 ± 0.22a

0.36 ± 0.18a

0.27 ± 0.05a

0.31 ± 0.05ab

0.36 ± 0.10ab

0.28 ± 0.07b

PFTeDA

0.24 ± 0.17a

0.12 ± 0.00a

0.15 ± 0.03a

0.09 ± 0.09a

0.07 ± 0.05ab

ND

0.05 ± 0.02b

PFBS

ND

ND

ND

0.07 ± 0.04a

ND

ND

ND

PFHxS

0.06 ± 0.03a

0.06 ± 0.01a

0.10 ± 0.04a

0.06 ± 0.00a

ND

ND

ND

L-PFHpS

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

PFDS

0.01 ± 0.01a

0.02 ± 0.01a

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

PFOSA

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

MePFOSAA

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

EtPFOSAA

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

Total

2.96 ± 0.65a

2.88 ± 0.44a

2.34 ± 0.34a

2.20 ± 0.31a

1.60 ± 0.16b

1.93 ± 0.19b

1.94 ± 0.07b

  1. PFOA: Perfluorooctanoic acid; PFOS: perfluorooctane sulfonate; PFBA: perfluorobutanoic acid; PFPeA: perfluorpentanoic acid; PFHxA: perfluorhexanoic acid; PFHpA: perfluorheptanoic acid; PFNA: perfluorononanoic acid; PFDA: perfluorodecanoic acid; PFUnDA: perfluoroundecanoic acid; PFDoDA: perfluorododecanoic acid; PFTrDA: perfluorotridecanoic acid; PFTeDA: perfluorotetradecanoic acid; PFBS: perfluorobutane sulfonate; PFHxS: perfluorohexane sulfonate; L-PFHpS: sodium perfluoro-1 heptanesulfonate; PFDS: perfluorodecane sulfonate; PFOSA: perfluorooctane sulfonamide; MePFOSAA: methylperfluoro-1 octanesulfonamido acetic acid; EtPFOSAA: ethyl-perfluoro-1 octanesulfonamido acetic acid
  2. a,bValues with different letters within a row indicate a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05)