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Table 2 Field managements and rice cultivation

From: Effect of straw incorporation on methane emission in rice paddy: conversion factor and smart straw management

Season

No-straw treatment

Straw recycling treatment

Spring recycling

Autumn recycling

Spreading

Mixing

After harvesting (Autumn)

Straw removed

Straw removed

Straw spread over soil surface

Straw mixed with soil

Before transplanting (Following spring)

–

Straw application

–

–

Plowing and irrigation

Fertilizing (NPK), puddling, and rice transplanting