Co-composting of chicken manure with organic wastes: characterization of gases emissions and compost quality

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 3 Characteristics of initial and final compost (mean value ± standard deviation from triplicate measurements)

Composting cycle (A)	Initial (0 week)				Final (15 week)				LSD (P value)
Compost (B)	OC	CC	CS	CRM	OC	CC	CS	CRM	A	B	AxB
TC (%)	35 ± 0.3	37 ± 0.5	37 ± 0.3	35 ± 0.3	38 ± 0.7	40 ± 0.9	39 ± 1.3	35 ± 0.9	0.076	< 0.001	< 0.001
TN (%)	2.6 ± 0.1	1.5 ± 0.1	2.5 ± 0.2	3.4 ± 0.01	1.8 ± 0.03	1.7 ± 0.09	2.0 ± 0.2	2.4 ± 0.1	0.009	< 0.001	< 0.001
C/N	13.8 ± 0.5	24.7 ± 1.4	14.9 ± 1.0	10.3 ± 0.1	20.5 ± 0.2	20.9 ± 0.6	16.6 ± 1.5	15.7 ± 2.0	0.016	< 0.001	< 0.001
TP (%)	10.3 ± 0.3	6.7 ± 1.6	10.3 ± 1.7	10.2 ± 0.4	11.3 ± 0.5	10.29 ± 0.3	13.4 ± 0.9	11.6 ± 1.6	0.009	< 0.001	0.004
Ca (mg kg⁻¹)	25.6 ± 0.5	26.3 ± 1.9	28.4 ± 1.8	48.9 ± 3.3	76.7 ± 7.6	51.8 ± 3.0	60.1 ± 4.9	67.0 ± 6.2	0.029	< 0.001	0.002
Mg (mg kg⁻¹)	6.4 ± 0.1	4.5 ± 0.2	6.1 ± 0.2	10.2 ± 0.2	11.5 ± 0.8	10.0 ± 0.5	11.8 ± 0.5	12.3 ± 1.1	0.012	0.013	0.033
K (mg kg⁻¹)	13.9 ± 0.8	11.9 ± 1.1	12.9 ± 0.6	9.7 ± 0.1	14.4 ± 0.9	18.9 ± 0.2	17.4 ± 0.8	12.4 ± 0.3	0.010	< 0.001	0.056
Na (mg kg⁻¹)	2.4 ± 0.1	2.6 ± 0.2	2.6 ± 0.1	4.9 ± 0.1	4.8 ± 0.4	6.2 ± 0.2	5.2 ± 0.3	7.1 ± 0.5	0.008	< 0.001	0.095
EC (dS m⁻¹)	2.8 ± 0.02	2.8 ± 0.03	2.9 ± 0.08	2.6 ± 0.02	3.2 ± 0.04	3.9 ± 0.07	3.6 ± 0.21	3.2 ± 0.06	0.002	< 0.001	< 0.001
pH (1:10 H₂O)	7.1 ± 0.02	7.4 ± 0.01	7.2 ± 0.01	6.8 ± 0.01	7.3 ± 0.08	7.3 ± 0.02	7.3 ± 0.01	7.2 ± 0.01	0.010	< 0.001	0.001

OC Only chicken manure, CC chicken + cow manure, CS chicken + swine manure, CRM chicken manure + plant residue + spent medium, TC total carbon, TN total nitrogen, TP total phosphorous, LSD least significant difference