Table 1 Evaluating the frequency of coliforms (log CFU/g) on radish seed sprouts and their production environment
Source | No. of samples | Sample | A | B | C | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spring | Summer | Spring | Summer | Spring | Summer | |||||
Seeds and Sprouts | 18 | Seeds | ND | ND | ND | 0.90 ± 0.85 | ND | 0.49 ± 0.85 | 0.23 ± 0.38 | |
18 | 2nd Day sprouts | ND | 1.54 ± 0.21 | ND | 4.92 ± 0.51 | ND | 3.75 ± 0.05 | 1.7 ± 2.15 | ||
18 | 4th Day sprouts | ND | ND | ND | 4.83 ± 0.02 | ND | 4.08 ± 0.25 | 1.49 ± 2.31 | ||
18 | 6th Day sprouts | ND | ND | ND | 4.77 ± 0.11 | ND | 4.60 ± 0.10 | 1.56 ± 2.42 | ||
18 | Packaged sprout | 4.65 ± 0.24 | ND | ND | 4.21 ± 0.34 | ND | 3.99 ± 0.09 | 2.14 ± 2.36 | ||
Water | 18 | Ground water | ND | 0.67 ± 1.15 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.11 ± 0.27 | |
18 | Irrigation water | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.98 ± 1.71 | ND | 0.16 ± 0.4 | ||
6 | Stream water stored in container | NS | NS | NS | NS | 1.09 ± 1.88 | ND | 0.18 ± 0.44 | ||
Agricultural materials | 18 | Nutrient solution A | ND | ND | 1.37 ± 2.38 | ND | ND | ND | 0.22 ± 0.56 | |
18 | Nutrient solution B | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0 | ||
18 | Diluted nutrient solution A + B | ND | 3.08 ± 0.07 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.51 ± 1.26 | ||
Equipment | Cultivation | 18 | Nutrient solution storage tank | ND | ND | ND | 0.77 ± 1.33 | ND | ND | 0.13 ± 0.31 |
18 | Fabric | ND | 1.23 ± 2.14 | ND | 2.00 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | 0.54 ± 0.87 | ||
18 | Tray | 0.40 ± 0.70 | 4.96 ± 1.44 | ND | 4.34 ± 0.35 | 0.22 ± 0.38 | ND | 1.65 ± 2.33 | ||
18 | Basket | ND | 1.70 ± 3.10 | ND | 5.57 ± 0.49 | ND | 0.97 ± 0.85 | 1.37 ± 2.17 | ||
Post-harvest | 18 | Knife | 3.69 ± 0.03 | 3.48 ± 0.26 | 3.07 ± 2.73 | 3.86 ± 0.49 | 3.59 ± 0.57 | 0.67 ± 1.15 | 3.06 ± 1.2 | |
15 | Cutting board | NS | 5.62 ± 0.59 | ND | 5.40 ± 0.93 | 3.91 ± 0.19 | ND | 2.49 ± 2.79 | ||
15 | Packing material | NS | 1.49 ± 1.31 | ND | 1.60 ± 2.78 | 0.23 ± 0.41 | ND | 0.55 ± 0.77 | ||
18 | Glove | 2.84 ± 2.46 | 4.30 ± 0.00 | ND | 4.82 ± 0.11 | ND | 4.12 ± 0.29 | 2.68 ± 2.18 | ||
Total | 0.61 ± 1.42 | 1.48 ± 1.89 | 0.23 ± 0.76 | 2.53 ± 2.26 | 0.53 ± 1.18 | 1.19 ± 1.82 | 1.09 ± 0.99 | |||