Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds for basic standardization of Turkish propolis

Özkök, Aslı; Keskin, Merve; Tanuğur Samancı, Aslı Elif; Yorulmaz Önder, Elif; Takma, Çiğdem

doi:10.1186/s13765-021-00608-3

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 1 The ANOVA means and standart errors for flavonoid, and Kruskall Wallis mean ranks for phenolic and cuprac according to provinces

From: Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds for basic standardization of Turkish propolis

Provinces	N	Flavonoid mg Catechin/g	Phenolic mg Gallic Acid/g		CUPRAC mg TE/g
		Mean ± sd error	Mean ± std deviation	Mean rank	Mean ± std deviation	Mean rank
Adana	3	32.20 ± 0.21ⁿ	62.92 ± 0.75	8.00^a	150.63 ± 0.65	8.00^abc
Ankara	3	125.66 ± 0.30^c	191.55 ± 0.79	62.0^abc	402.65 ± 0.50	41.00^abc
Amasya	3	96.60 ± 2.54^gh	175.10 ± 2.70	44.00^abc	495.87 ± 3.33	59.00^abc
Bursa	3	115.27 ± 2.09^d	177.77 ± 3.85	57.33^abc	506.27 ± 3.81	62.00^abc
Bolu	3	104.49 ± 0.34^e	158.58 ± 0.95	53.00^abc	430.99 ± 1.75	50.00^abc
Balıkesir	3	99.54 ± 0.31^fg	186.78 ± 1.55	47.67^abc	427.86 ± 0.85	47.00^abc
Düzce	3	28.35 ± 0.74^o	69.30 ± 3.25	5.00^abc	182.70 ± 0.84	11.00^abc
Giresun	3	146.35 ± 0.40^b	208.20 ± 2.64	65.00^ac	580.93 ± 3.02	65.00^ac
Isparta	3	71.40 ± 0.86^k	108.13 ± 1.98	20.67^abc	282.30 ± 1.93	20.00^abc
İstanbul	3	83.52 ± 0.37^j	161.77 ± 1.86	31.00^abc	384.07 ± 2.25	32.00^abc
İzmir	3	42.10 ± 2.14 m	107.20 ± 0.46	12.33 ^abc	144.93 ± 2.06	5.00^a
Konya	3	115.50 ± 2.17^d	187.97 ± 2.18	57.67^abc	441.53 ± 0.26	54.00^abc
Karaman	3	57.67 ± 0.72^l	129.07 ± 2.80	17.00^abc	245.33 ± 3.51	17.00^abc
Kastamonu	3	100.18 ± 0.64^f	160.98 ± 1.56	48.00^abc	424.00 ± 2.61	44.00^abc
Kocaeli	3	91.10 ± 0.13ⁱ	167.21 ± 0.40	37.00^abc	443.94 ± 0.15	55.00^abc
Kırklareli	3	152.57 ± 1.47^a	259.40 ± 1.73	68.00 ^c	710.43 ± 2.01	68.00^c
Maraş	3	21.28 ± 1.02^p	34.53 ± 2.10	2.00^b	95.35 ± 2.83	2.00^b
Muğla	3	82.95 ± 0.95 ^j	139.28 ± 0.67	30.00^abc	342.56 ± 0.74	23.00^abc
Ordu	3	80.55 ± 0.48^j	190.92 ± 0.88	26.00^abc	368.53 ± 2.50	27.00^abc
Rize	3	44.04 ± 0.96^m	78.06 ± 0.86	12.67^abc	191.13 ± 0.40	14.00^abc
Sakarya	3	73.93 ± 1.01^k	182.48 ± 2.69	22.33^abc	369.57 ± 0.93	28.00^abc
Tekirdağ	3	93.39 ± 0.53^hi	155.22 ± 1.01	42.00^abc	393.62 ± 1.16	38.00^abc
Zonguldak	3	91.20 ± 0.70ⁱ	159.82 ± 0.96	36.33^abc	390.42 ± 1.87	35.00^abc
p value		< 0.001	< 0.001		< 0.001

Different letters in the same columns show statistically differences between means (p < 0.05)

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