Formulation of abamectin and plant oil-based nanoemulsions with efficacy against the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) under laboratory and field conditions

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 4 Effect of tested formulations on the number of T. urticae mites at the motile stage on soybean plants

Compounds	No. of motile stages/10 leaves before treatment	No. of motile stages/10 leaves at the indicated period after treatment				Mean reduction %
		2 days		7 days
		No. of motile stages	Reduction %	No. of motile stages	Reduction %
Control	82.0	105.0	–	127.0	–	–
Abamectin emulsion	92.0	49.0	73.87^b	10.0	95.17^a	84.52^b
Abamectin nanoemulsion	99.0	15.0	92.56^a	4.0	98.22^a	95.24^a
Neem oil nanoemulsion	63.0	55.0	57.17^c	16.0	88.71^b	72.94^c
Garlic oil nanoemulsion	69.0	60.0	56.63^c	38.0	75.52^c	66.08^d

Mean values followed by the same superscript letter indicate no significant difference between corresponding values at P < 0.05 by the Tukey test