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Applied Biological Chemistry
Fig. 4 | Applied Biological Chemistry

Fig. 4

From: Assessing bioavailability and genotoxicity of heavy metals and metallic nanoparticles simultaneously using dual-sensing Escherichia coli whole-cell bioreporters

Fig. 4

Toxic effects of metallic nanoparticles, including ZnO NPs, on E. coli. The metallic NPs, including ZnO, Ti2O, and Au NPs, were added to WCBs, and the OD600 and fluorescence intensity were measured after a 10-h exposure. (A) OD600 of WCBs exposed to 1 mM metallic NPs. (B) Expression of eGFP indicating genotoxic effects of metallic NPs. (C) Growth inhibition of WCBs by ZnCl2 (0.5 and 1 mM) and ZnO NPs (1 and 2 mM). (D) SF of mCherry indicating the presence of bioavailable Zn ions from ZnCl2 (0.5 and 1 mM) and from ZnO NPs (1 and 2 mM)

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