In situ reclamation of closed coal mine waste in Korea using coal ash

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 3 Change in chemical properties of mine waste with coal ash treatments

pH (1:5)	W	WC20M	WC40M	WC40C	WC40MD	WC40D10M
September 2009	3.09 ± 0.05d	5.30 ± 0.11c	5.94 ± 0.16b	6.76 ± 0.06a	6.64 ± 0.27a	6.91 ± 0.15a
November 2009	2.81 ± 0.14d	5.25 ± 0.23c	5.86 ± 0.17b	6.53 ± 0.17a	6.77 ± 0.33a	6.89 ± 0.19a
April 2010	3.30 ± 0.13e	5.27 ± 0.30d	5.82 ± 0.08c	6.56 ± 0.13b	6.85 ± 0.09a	7.11 ± 0.12a
August 2010	3.01 ± 0.12f	3.80 ± 0.16e	5.03 ± 0.15d	5.54 ± 0.25c	6.29 ± 0.19b	6.73 ± 0.13a
June 2011	3.16 ± 0.09e	4.51 ± 0.09d	4.76 ± 0.07d	5.78 ± 0.24c	6.37 ± 0.18b	6.86 ± 0.18a
November 2011	3.22 ± 0.04a	3.58 ± 0.16b	5.17 ± 0.15c	5.68 ± 0.06d	6.48 ± 0.35e	6.89 ± 0.05f
April 2012	2.89 ± 0.13a	4.05 ± 0.17b	4.91 ± 0.11c	5.33 ± 0.16d	6.43 ± 0.14e	7.33 ± 0.14f
August 2012	3.38 ± 0.15a	3.89 ± 0.18b	4.28 ± 0.09c	5.58 ± 0.08d	6.38 ± 0.04e	6.93 ± 0.05f

OM (g kg⁻¹)	W	WC20M	WC40M	WC40C	WC40MD	WC40D10M
September 2009	1.61 ± 0.15e	2.84 ± 0.07d	3.61 ± 0.03b	5.19 ± 0.15a	2.98 ± 0.10d	3.26 ± 0.06c
November 2009	1.55 ± 0.09e	2.67 ± 0.16d	3.58 ± 0.16b	4.89 ± 0.14a	3.01 ± 0.06c	3.21 ± 0.09c
April 2010	1.49 ± 0.06d	2.91 ± 0.09c	3.38 ± 0.04a	3.16 ± 0.03b	3.16 ± 0.03c	2.86 ± 0.12c
August 2010	1.51 ± 0.03d	2.83 ± 0.17c	3.34 ± 0.18a	3.21 ± 0.14ab	2.79 ± 0.10c	3.02 ± 0.19bc
June 2011	1.43 ± 0.04e	2.56 ± 0.06d	3.31 ± 0.04a	2.67 ± 0.14cd	2.81 ± 0.12bc	2.86 ± 0.04b
November 2011	1.47 ± 0.04c	2.37 ± 0.21b	2.89 ± 0.13a	2.49 ± 0.07b	2.83 ± 0.19a	2.93 ± 0.19a
April 2012	1.52 ± 0.05d	2.42 ± 0.12c	2.73 ± 0.10ab	2.53 ± 0.23bc	2.76 ± 0.07a	2.87 ± 0.07a
August 2012	1.54 ± 0.03e	2.51 ± 0.11cd	2.68 ± 0.08bc	2.47 ± 0.11d	2.92 ± 0.03a	2.83 ± 0.16ab

CEC (cmol₊ kg⁻¹)	W	WC20M	WC40M	WC40C	WC40MD	WC40D10M
September 2009	13.4 ± 0.22f	21.3 ± 0.24c	23.9 ± 0.23b	25.2 ± 0.17a	16.1 ± 0.25e	17.0 ± 0.14d
November 2009	13.3 ± 0.12d	21.0 ± 0.21b	25.4 ± 0.34a	25.3 ± 0.49a	16.3 ± 0.32c	16.9 ± 0.17c
April 2010	12.9 ± 0.06f	22.1 ± 0.32b	25.1 ± 0.15a	20.9 ± 0.30c	15.9 ± 0.36e	17.1 ± 0.03d
August 2010	13.1 ± 0.25f	21.7 ± 0.72b	24.6 ± 0.49a	20.9 ± 0.06c	15.9 ± 0.11e	16.7 ± 0.45d
June 2011	13.2 ± 0.39f	21.8 ± 0.59b	24.9 ± 0.15a	21.1 ± 0.39c	16.0 ± 0.13e	16.9 ± 0.28d
November 2011	12.9 ± 0.24e	20.7 ± 0.16b	24.8 ± 0.29a	20.7 ± 0.13b	15.8 ± 0.51d	16.8 ± 0.17c
April 2012	13.0 ± 0.06e	20.4 ± 0.24b	24.3 ± 0.13a	20.6 ± 0.11b	16.1 ± 0.27d	17.3 ± 0.30c
August 2012	13.0 ± 0.16e	20.7 ± 0.14b	24.3 ± 0.29a	20.5 ± 0.28b	15.8 ± 0.40d	16.9 ± 0.32c

Chemical properties are compared with different treatments and same letters represent that value is not significantly different (p < 0.05). Soil chemical properties did not differ significantly (p < 0.05) with different treatments