Table 1 Acaricidala and insecticidalb activities of Cinnamomum cassia oils extracted through three different methods against stored product pests using the contact or fumigant bioassay
From: Acaricidal and insecticidal responses of Cinnamomum cassia oils and main constituents
Insect | Bioassay | LD50 (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Extraction methods | ||||
Steam distillation (SD) | Organic solvent (OS) | Supercritical fluid (SF) | ||
T. putrescentiae | Contact (μg/cm2) | 5.64 (4.00–7.07) | 2.60 (1.58–3.56) | 3.10 (1.65–4.59) |
Fumigant (μg/cm3) | 2.29 (1.94–2.92) | 1.34 (1.01–1.59) | 1.54 (1.26–1.80) | |
S. oryzae | Contact (μg/cm2) | 102.25 (82.48–129.27) | 213.87 (173.45–260.35) | 204.12 (164.78–248.54) |
Fumigant (μg/cm3) | 68.62 (57.61–82.31) | 128.59 (102.10–159.82) | 75.28 (62.48–89.07) | |
S. zeamais | Contact (μg/cm2) | 102.03 (83.50–120.78) | 211.37 (173.73–253.56) | 221.15 (183.00–264.36) |
Fumigant (μg/cm3) | 57.59 (49.87–67.26) | 59.42 (51.63–69.00) | 37.81 (30.61–47.04) | |
S. cerealella | Fumigant (μg/cm3) | 1.95 (1.31–2.52) | 1.17 (0.73–1.63) | 1.47 (1.03–1.94) |
P. interpunctella | Fumigant (μg/cm3) | 1.31 (1.06–1.63) | 0.79 (0.55–1.09) | 1.07 (0.79–1.41) |