Table 2 Lethal concentrations (LCs) of Tetranychus urticae exposed to ethyl formate (EF) for 1 h and phosphine (PH₃) for 20 h

5.577 (4.189–6.327)

6.797 (5.803–7.349)

9.733 (9.068–11.149)

14.921 ± 2.202

6

0.02

1.364 (0.557–2.179)

2.826 (1.615–3.845)

10.606 (8.751–13.741)

4.051 ± 0.418

5

1.06

4.317 (2.684–5.271)

5.836 (4.492–6.612)

10.088 (8.987–12.703)

9.789 ± 1.331

5

0.00

0.112 (0.081–0.140)

0.158 (0.125–0.211)

0.298 (0.221–0.560)

8.452 ± 1.120

5

0.47

0.015 (0.006–0.025)

0.030 (0.016–0.042)

0.103 (0.086–0.125)

4.308 ± 0.446

5

0.23

0.042 (0.022–0.058)

0.059 (0.037–0.075)

0.112 (0.096–0.123)

8.468 ± 0.942

5

0.60