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Applied Biological Chemistry
Fig. 4 | Applied Biological Chemistry

Fig. 4

From: Costunolide inhibits inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and ameliorates gastric acid reflux-induced esophageal injury in rat model

Fig. 4

Effects of Cos on esophageal reflux induced esophageal mucosal damage in rats. Gross (a-i), the ratio of esophageal mucosal damage (a-ii) was calculated by Image J program, microscopic (scale bar 200 μm) (b), and pH of the gastric contents (c). N, normal rats; Veh, RE controlled rats; Cos15, RE controlled rats treated with Cos 15 mg/kg; Cos30, RE controlled rats treated with Cos 30 mg/kg; R, RE controlled rats treated with ranitidine 30 mg/kg. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. RE controlled rats. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation

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