Table 1 Percentage of deformities (5 independent experiments) observed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after EDZ treatment
From: Teratogenic and developmental toxic effects of etridiazole on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
Etridiazole (mg/L) | Mortality* (%) (n = 5) | No tail† detachment (%) (n = 5) | Abnormal† somites (%) (n = 5) | Abnormal† eye pigmentation (%) (n = 5) | Abnormal† tail morphology (%) (n = 5) | Abnormal† tail blood flow (%) (n = 5) | Unhatched‡ eggs (%) (n = 5) | Pericardial‡ edema (%) (n = 5) | Yolk sac‡ edema (%) (n = 5) | Kink in‡ the tail (%) (n = 5) | No‡ swimming (%) (n = 5) | Sidewise‡ position (%) (n = 5) | Spine bending‡ (%) (n = 3) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 hpf | Control | 4.0 ± 1.9 | 0.0 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | ||||||||||
3.75 | 3.0 ± 2.0 | 0.0 | 3.2 ± 2.2 | |||||||||||
7.5 | 7.0 ± 2.5 | 0.0 | 17.5 ± 5.1a | |||||||||||
15 | 13.0 ± 2.0 | 2.4 ± 1.5 | 42.3 ± 5.7c | |||||||||||
30 | 12.0 ± 3.4b | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 68.4 ± 12.9c | |||||||||||
60 | 37.0 ± 10.3 | 35.8 ± 18.4 | 89.3 ± 5.7d | |||||||||||
48 hpf | Control | 4.0 ± 1.9 | 3.2 ± 1.3 | 0.0 | 6.3 ± 2.6 | |||||||||
3.75 | 5.0 ± 2.2 | 7.4 ± 2.6 | 3.2 ± 3.2 | 15.2 ± 5.6 | ||||||||||
7.5 | 10.0 ± 2.2 | 15.5 ± 3.7a | 12.2 ± 2.7b | 38.0 ± 6.1b | ||||||||||
15 | 18.0 ± 2.0c | 53.5 ± 6.8d | 40.1 ± 10.6b | 42.4 ± 8.3b | ||||||||||
30 | 23.0 ± 3.4b | 87.6 ± 4.1d | 42.7 ± 13.7a | 64.1 ± 4.1d | ||||||||||
60 | 49.0 ± 13.9a | 96.5 ± 2.4d | 74.8 ± 17.7b | 86.6 ± 9.3d | ||||||||||
72 hpf | Control | 5.0 ± 1.6 | 10.4 ± 2.3 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 0.0 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | ||||||||
3.75 | 5.0 ± 2.2 | 12.6 ± 3.7 | 8.4 ± 2.1a | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 1.3 | |||||||||
7.5 | 13.0 ± 1.2b | 18.8 ± 4.9 | 30.0 ± 9.0a | 2.1 ± 2.1 | 8.9 ± 1.4b | |||||||||
15 | 25.0 ± 1.6d | 7.5 ± 3.6 | 51.7 ± 13.2b | 17.7 ± 10.1 | 13.0 ± 4.2a | |||||||||
30 | 45.0 ± 3.5d | 18.48 ± 5.7 | 84.7 ± 6.8d | 23.8 ± 12.5 | 66.7 ± 3.1d | |||||||||
60 | 86.0 ± 2.9d | 60.39 ± 18.5 | 79.2 ± 10.2d | 74.7 ± 8.0d | 79.4 ± 9.1d | |||||||||
96 hpf | Control | 5.0 ± 1.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | ||||||||
3.75 | 8.0 ± 2.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 5.3 ± 0.2b | |||||||||
7.5 | 13.0 ± 1.2b | 0.0 | 2.2 ± 2.2 | 4.6 ± 2.8 | 28.9 ± 3.4c | |||||||||
15 | 33.0 ± 1.2d | 0.0 | 15.0 ± 5.1a | 24.7 ± 5.0b | 39.0 ± 3.8c | |||||||||
30 | 52.0 ± 3.0d | 0.0 | 38.5 ± 18.8 | 46.8 ± 15.3a | 91.7 ± 8.3c | |||||||||
60 | 99.0 ± 1.0d | 73.0 ± 16.7b | 85.0 ± 15.0c | 48.0 ± 22.5 | 93.3 ± 6.7c |