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Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 5 Changes in the relative concentrations of odor-active volatiles in chia seed and flax seed oils during accelerated storage

From: Oxidative stability of chia seed oil and flax seed oil and impact of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and garlic (Allium cepa L.) extracts on the prevention of lipid oxidation

No

Volatile compounds

Chia seed oil

Flax seed oil

Day 0

Day 3

Day 7

Day 14

Day 0

Day 3

Day 7

Day 14

 

Aldehydes

3*

Hexanal

4.74 ± 0.32 d

8.91 ± 0.63 c

15.02 ± 0.25 b

16.36 ± 0.58 a

1.78 ± 0.22 D

7.48 ± 0.32 C

10.31 ± 0.18 B

16.08 ± 0.32 A

5

2-Pentenal

0.40 ± 0.09 d

1.72 ± 0.12 c

2.44 ± 0.33 b

4.95 ± 0.35 a

n.d.a

14

(2Z)-Heptanal

0.25 ± 0.02 d

0.63 ± 0.12 c

1.30 ± 0.12 b

1.51 ± 0.20 a

0.06 ± 0.01 D

0.12 ± 0.02 C

0.75 ± 0.09 B

1.32 ± 0.12 A

17*

Nonanal

0.04 ± 0.01 b

0.04 ± 0.01 b

0.05 ± 0.00 b

0.18 ± 0.03 a

0.15 ± 0.01 C

0.12 ± 0.06 C

0.31 ± 0.08 B

0.79 ± 0.03 A

19*

2-Octanal

0.25 ± 0.06 d

0.73 ± 0.11 c

1.26 ± 0.28 a

1.03 ± 0.08 b

n.d

21

(2E,4E)-Heptadienal

20.21 ± 0.25 d

29.32 ± 0.15 c

55.15 ± 0.12 b

79.91 ± 0.32 a

1.59 ± 0.29 D

17.79 ± 0.29 C

27.71 ± 0.18 B

60.38 ± 0.33 A

22

Decanal

n.d

0.02 ± 0.01 D

0.46 ± 0.03 C

0.75 ± 0.08 B

1.24 ± 0.11 A

24

(2E)-Nonenal

n.d

0.02 ± 0.02 B

0.03 ± 0.01 B

0.05 ± 0.01 AB

0.07 ± 0.02 A

27

(2E)-Decenal

n.d

n.d

0.02 ± 0.00 C

0.04 ± 0.01 B

0.08 ± 0.02 A

28

(2E,4E)-Decadienal

n.d

0.08 ± 0.03 a

0.15 ± 0.02 a

0.13 ± 0.05 a

n.d

 

Ketones

18

3-Octen-2-one

1.70 ± 0.34 d

2.03 ± 0.11 c

3.49 ± 0.10 b

4.78 ± 0.11 a

0.20 ± 0.01 D

0.49 ± 0.05 C

0.75 ± 0.03 B

0.90 ± 0.03 A

23

(3E,5E)-3,5-Octadien-2-one

4.26 ± 0.27 d

6.10 ± 0.36 c

9.61 ± 0.28 b

13.72 ± 0.22 a

4.70 ± 0.41 C

4.31 ± 0.66 C

13.33 ± 0.29 B

17.10 ± 0.22 A

29

1-(4-Ethylphenyl)ethanone

n.d

0.08 ± 0.01 a

0.10 ± 0.02 a

0.10 ± 0.05 a

n.d

0.10 ± 0.03

 

Alcohols

9

1-Penten-3-ol

0.02 ± 0.01 d

0.13 ± 0.02 c

0.16 ± 0.03 b

0.22 ± 0.03 a

0.94 ± 0.08 D

7.92 ± 0.09 C

12.34 ± 0.22 B

19.86 ± 0.18 A

10

2-Methyl-3-pentanol

0.17 ± 0.12 c

0.34 ± 0.11 c

0.77 ± 0.16 b

1.15 ± 0.32 a

n.d

15

(2Z)-2-Penten-1-ol

n.d

n.d

0.01 ± 0.01

0.02 ± 0.01

16*

1-Hexanol

0.20 ± 0.02 b

0.20 ± 0.01 b

0.28 ± 0.03 a

0.29 ± 0.01 a

1.51 ± 0.03 B

1.69 ± 0.11 AB

1.76 ± 0.15 A

1.78 ± 0.23 A

20

1-Octen-3-ol

0.28 ± 0.03 d

1.07 ± 0.08 c

1.30 ± 0.1 b

1.52 ± 0.23 a

0.43 ± 0.08 D

1.45 ± 0.25 C

2.20 ± 0.31 B

2.75 ± 0.33 A

 

Acids

25

Propanoic acid

1.00 ± 0.29 d

1.69 ± 0.32 c

3.87 ± 0.09 b

5.06 ± 0.55 a

0.37 ± 0.06 D

1.88 ± 0.12 C

3.00 ± 0.18 B

4.82 ± 0.29 A

26

Butanoic acid

0.17 ± 0.03 b

0.29 ± 0.06 b

0.66 ± 0.18 a

0.75 ± 0.12 a

n.d

30*

Hexanoic acid

1.23 ± 0.11 c

2.15 ± 0.31 b

3.15 ± 0.22 a

3.54 ± 0.43 a

1.31 ± 0.06 D

1.88 ± 0.15 C

3.62 ± 0.20 B

4.63 ± 0.39 A

33*

Octanoic acid

0.22 ± 0.08 d

0.38 ± 0.08 c

0.68 ± 0.13 b

1.99 ± 0.09 a

0.18 ± 0.10 D

0.43 ± 0.05 C

0.52 ± 0.22 B

1.19 ± 0.08 A

34

Nonanoic acid

1.21 ± 0.22 c

1.81 ± 0.21 b

2.12 ± 0.23 b

9.32 ± 0.55 a

n.d

 

Furans

1

2-Ethylfuran

1.06 ± 0.09 b

1.85 ± 0.13 a

2.18 ± 0.2 a

1.96 ± 0.11 a

0.55 ± 0.23 D

0.78 ± 0.08 C

1.23 ± 0.21 B

1.52 ± 0.32 A

12

2-Pentylfuran

0.26 ± 0.02 d

0.63 ± 0.09 c

0.80 ± 0.06 b

0.92 ± 0.05 a

0.23 ± 0.01 D

0.61 ± 0.05 C

1.18 ± 0.07 B

1.35 ± 0.12 A

32

5-Pentyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone

n.d

0.01 ± 0.00 D

0.05 ± 0.01 C

0.07 ± 0.02 B

0.17 ± 0.01 A

 

Additional compounds

2

α-Pinene

4.42 ± 0.53 a

3.48 ± 0.32 b

3.25 ± 0.25 b

3.22 ± 0.22 b

3.47 ± 0.28 A

3.19 ± 0.31 A

3.18 ± 0.24 A

2.87 ± 0.12 B

4

β-Sabinene

0.50 ± 0.09 a

0.37 ± 0.10 ab

0.36 ± 0.03 b

0.32 ± 0.02 b

n.d

6

β-Pinene

0.94 ± 0.12 a

0.77 ± 0.08 a

0.72 ± 0.13 a

0.71 ± 0.22 a

0.92 ± 0.06 A

0.80 ± 0.12 AB

0.73 ± 0.09 AB

0.66 ± 0.13 B

7

o-Xylene

0.23 ± 0.06 a

0.23 ± 0.01 a

0.23 ± 0.02 a

0.17 ± 0.06 a

0.48 ± 0.01 A

0.11 ± 0.03 B

0.03 ± 0.01 C

n.d

8

β-Myrcene

0.14 ± 0.03 a

0.13 ± 0.01 a

0.11 ± 0.03 ab

0.08 ± 0.01 b

0.17 ± 0.06 A

0.16 ± 0.02 A

0.04 ± 0.01 B

n.d

11

D-Limonene

0.14 ± 0.02 a

0.11 ± 0.05 ab

0.06 ± 0.01 bc

0.05 ± 0.00 c

0.05 ± 0.00 A

0.03 ± 0.01 B

0.01 ± 0.00 C

n.d

13

p-Cymene

1.55 ± 0.33 a

1.14 ± 0.13 b

1.02 ± 0.05 c

0.96 ± 0.21 d

1.43 ± 0.08 A

1.26 ± 0.11 AB

1.02 ± 0.12 BC

0.83 ± 0.22 C

31

Phenol

0.09 ± 0.01 a

0.09 ± 0.01 a

0.09 ± 0.02 a

0.10 ± 0.01 a

0.08 ± 0.01 A

0.09 ± 0.06 A

0.08 ± 0.02 A

0.09 ± 0.01 A

SUM

29.16 ± 3.57

46.62 ± 3.95

70.33 ± 3.79

100.63 ± 5.42

22.52 ± 2.53

66.33 ± 3.01

99.36 ± 3.79

166.67 ± 4.21

  1. an.d. indicates not detected. *Identification of the volatile compound was confirmed with authentic standards. The different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in the volatile concentrations at p < 0.05 within chia seed oil during storage. The different capital letters indicate significant differences in the volatile concentrations at p < 0.05 within flax seed oil during accelerated storage. Six samples were injected per storage point
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