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Table 4 Yield components of the leaf lettuce

From: Effects of brewer’s spent grain biochar on the growth and quality of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa.)

Treatment

Fresh shoot (g plant−1)

Fresh root (g plant−1)

Dry shoot (g plant−1)

Dry root (g plant−1)

Number of leaves (ea plant−1)

Leaf length (cm)

Leaf width (cm)

Weight per leaf (g plant−1)

Control

74.29 ± 2.99b

45.60 ± 3.50bc

6.79 ± 1.12bc

8.07 ± 0.23bcd

19.00 ± 1.00bcd

16.01 ± 0.19bc

10.05 ± 0.48abc

24.61 ± 2.50ab

BSG 2%

67.05 ± 19.25bc

26.19 ± 2.66de

6.18 ± 2.21c

4.36 ± 0.49ef

15.67 ± 2.08de

14.88 ± 2.27 cd

12.41 ± 2.86a

28.58 ± 10.68a

BSG 5%

32.78 ± 7.74d

15.56 ± 4.48e

2.92 ± 0.90d

2.67 ± 0.53f

12.33 ± 2.52e

12.88 ± 2.54d

8.37 ± 2.28c

14.33 ± 2.81c

BB300 2%

79.82 ± 9.17b

39.18 ± 9.20bc

6.48 ± 0.89c

5.93 ± 1.26de

19.67 ± 0.58bcd

16.65 ± 2.28bc

11.79 ± 0.45ab

30.46 ± 3.60a

BB300 5%

53.38 ± 12.65c

37.44 ± 9.35 cd

5.06 ± 1.68c

6.25 ± 1.56cde

18.00 ± 2.65 cd

15.44 ± 2.17 cd

9.39 ± 1.61bc

16.86 ± 4.29bc

BB500 2%

106.87 ± 4.73a

51.41 ± 8.88b

8.79 ± 0.99ab

9.08 ± 1.89b

24.00 ± 2.00a

19.13 ± 1.31ab

12.42 ± 1.12a

34.34 ± 6.60a

BB500 5%

107.24 ± 3.05a

76.04 ± 6.42a

9.31 ± 0.69a

11.44 ± 0.79a

23.00 ± 2.00ab

19.72 ± 0.72a

12.67 ± 0.30a

31.41 ± 3.71a

BB700 2%

77.07 ± 7.31b

47.62 ± 6.88bc

6.20 ± 0.78c

7.85 ± 1.10bcd

23.00 ± 3.46ab

16.30 ± 0.96bc

10.10 ± 0.69abc

27.27 ± 3.23a

BB700 5%

72.97 ± 0.82b

46.87 ± 9.06bc

6.99 ± 0.50bc

8.53 ± 2.46bc

21.67 ± 2.08abc

16.44 ± 0.37bc

10.60 ± 0.43abc

24.99 ± 0.29ab

  1. The letters denote significant differences amongst the different treatments based on the results of the Tukey posthoc tests
  2. BSG brewer’s spent grain, BBxxx brewer’s spent grain biochar (pyrolyzed at xxx℃)