Fig. 5

Sulforaphane induced cytoprotective response in p53-positiveWT xenografts. The nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins were fractionated from the dissected xenograft tissues. a, b Sulforaphane treatment tended to increase the protein levels of Nrf2 (a) and HO-1 (b) in p53-WT xenografts compared to those in p53-KO xenografts. c, d Sulforaphane treatment increased the expression of apoptotic markers, a ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax (c) and cytochrome C (d), in p53-KO xenografts but not in p53-WT xenografts. Values represent mean ± SD (n = 5 or 6). Different lower and upper cases indicate statistically significant differences among p53-WT and p53-KO xenografts, respectively. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between WT and KO xenografts within the same treatment group. e, f Sectioned tumor slices from p53-WT (e) or p53-KO xenografts (f) were subjected to immuno-staining with a FITC-conjugated anti-PCNA (green fluorescence) and TUNEL staining with a rhodamine-conjugated anti-digoxigenin (red fluorescence). Representative images were obtained at 100X or 400X magnifications. Sulforaphane-treated p53-WT xenografts exhibited a higher ratio of PCNA-positive cells over TUNEL-stained cells than p53-KO xenografts