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Applied Biological Chemistry
Fig. 6 | Applied Biological Chemistry

Fig. 6

From: A trienone analog of curcumin, 1,7-bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one, possesses ROS- and caspase-mediated apoptosis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro

Fig. 6

Trienone 11-induced cell death is ROS mediated and caspase-3/7, -9 dependent in CLS-354/DX. The activities of caspase-3/7, -8, and -9 of CLS-354/DX cells upon pre-treatment with 5 mM N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), followed by 30 μM trienone 11 for 12 h (a). Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) from four independent treatments. Cell viability (b) of CLS-354/DX cells upon pre-treatment with NAC at the indicated concentrations and trienone 11 (30 μM) treatment for 24 h was measured using MTT assay. Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of triplicate samples in three independent experiments. Different letters above the bar indicate the significant difference (p < 0.05). The proposed cytotoxic mechanism (c) of trienone 11 in CLS-354/DX cells; ❶ trienone 11 markedly induced intracellular ROS production, which may directly damage mitochondria or DNA resulting in caspase-9 and -3/7 activation through intrinsic pathway of apoptosis; ❷ trienone 11 can trigger extrinsic pathway of apoptosis via ROS-independent caspase-8 activation

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