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Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 2 LCt (Lethal Concentration × time) value of EF fumigation for 4 h expoure on Lycoriella mali at 5 ± 0.5 ℃

From: Scaled-up ethyl formate fumigation to replace methyl bromide on traded mushroom to disinfest mushroom fly (Lycoriella mali)

Stage

L(Ct)50% (95% CL)

L(Ct)99% (95% CL)

Slope ± SE

df

χ2

1st, 2nd instar

43.6 (37.1–53.3)

73.1 (68.4–100.2)

3.1 ± 0.3

21

28.9

3rd, 4th instar

27.84 (22.53–33.01)

112.9 (90.70–152.25)

3.2 ± 0.3

28

48.47

Pupae

36.8 (28.9–46.1)

68.9 (57.6–97.1)

4.3 ± 0.3

15

40.2

Adults

7.8 (5.8–13.9)

20.1 (16.6–26.2)

2.0 ± 0.4

13

32.1

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