Interrelationship between secondary metabolites and antioxidant capacities of Centella asiatica using bivariate and multivariate correlation analyses

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 3 Terpenoids, polyphenolic acid, and flavonoids contents of various C. asiatica extracts

Extract	Madecassoside	Asiaticoside	Madecassic acid	Asiatic acid	Chlorogenic acid	Caffeic acid
HD-L-CW	2.6 ± 0.1	n.d	n.d	n.d	4.0 ± 0.1	n.d
HD-L-HW	27.9 ± 1.0	26.6 ± 0.2	n.d	n.d	4.9 ± 0.0	0.4 ± 0.0
HD-L-50E	43.0 ± 0.8	50.1 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 0.1	3.7 ± 0.2	7.5 ± 0.1	n.d
HD-L-70E	39.7 ± 0.6	44.5 ± 1.0	3.4 ± 0.2	6.1 ± 0.2	8.1 ± 0.1	n.d
HD-W-CW	n.d.^a	n.d	n.d	n.d	2.0 ± 0.0	n.d
HD-W-HW	9.7 ± 0.4	7.3 ± 0.2	n.d	n.d	3.8 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.0
HD-W-50E	17.6 ± 0.6	18.6 ± 0.3	1.7 ± 0.0	1.3 ± 0.1	5.9 ± 0.0	n.d
HD-W-70E	17.5 ± 1.7	23.8 ± 1.0	1.4 ± 0.1	1.9 ± 0.2	5.6 ± 0.1	n.d
FD-L-CW	n.d	n.d	n.d	n.d	2.3 ± 0.0	n.d
FD-L-HW	45.4 ± 0.8	30.0 ± 0.7	n.d	n.d	4.2 ± 0.0	0.2 ± 0.0
FD-L-50E	98.4 ± 0.3	103.5 ± 1.2	1.6 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.1	8.4 ± 0.1	n.d
FD-L-70E	92.8 ± 0.5	94.9 ± 0.2	1.5 ± 0.0	1.8 ± 0.2	9.5 ± 0.2	n.d
FD-W-CW	n.d	n.d	n.d	n.d	1.9 ± 0.0	n.d
FD-W-HW	29.3 ± 0.6	16.6 ± 0.3	n.d	n.d	3.6 ± 0.1	0.3 ± 0.0
FD-W-50E	79.9 ± 0.9	72.9 ± 0.7	1.5 ± 0.2	0.4 ± 0.0	4.0 ± 0.0	n.d
FD-W-70E	77.1 ± 1.7	76.6 ± 1.8	1.6 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.2	5.5 ± 0.0	n.d

Extract	3,4-DCQA^b	1,5-DCQA^c	Ellagic acid	Cynaroside^d	Scutellarin^e	Miquelianin^f
HD-L-CW	1.4 ± 0.0	1.1 ± 0.0	15.6 ± 0.0	n.d	9.4 ± 0.1	n.d
HD-L-HW	1.5 ± 0.0	3.4 ± 0.0	18.0 ± 0.0	n.d	2.8 ± 0.0	0.1 ± 0.0
HD-L-50E	1.4 ± 0.0	2.1 ± 0.0	41.8 ± 0.1	2.0 ± 0.2	14.3 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.0
HD-L-70E	1.1 ± 0.0	2.0 ± 0.0	39.1 ± 0.1	1.8 ± 0.2	12.0 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.0
HD-W-CW	0.7 ± 0.0	0.4 ± 0.0	9.1 ± 0.1	n.d	2.3 ± 0.0	n.d
HD-W-HW	4.6 ± 0.0	1.9 ± 0.0	14.5 ± 0.1	n.d	1.6 ± 0.0	0.1 ± 0.0
HD-W-50E	1.9 ± 0.0	1.6 ± 0.0	57.5 ± 0.0	n.d	9.6 ± 0.1	0.1 ± 0.0
HD-W-70E	1.3 ± 0.0	1.7 ± 0.0	47.2 ± 0.3	n.d	7.9 ± 0.0	0.2 ± 0.0
FD-L-CW	0.9 ± 0.0	0.9 ± 0.0	4.9 ± 0.0	0.7 ± 0.1	8.2 ± 0.1	0.1 ± 0.0
FD-L-HW	1.6 ± 0.0	3.8 ± 0.0	8.0 ± 0.0	n.d	3.2 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.0
FD-L-50E	1.2 ± 0.0	4.6 ± 0.0	37.7 ± 0.2	2.3 ± 0.1	24.7 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.1
FD-L-70E	3.9 ± 0.0	5.5 ± 0.0	52.3 ± 0.3	2.5 ± 0.2	26.3 ± 0.2	0.9 ± 0.1
FD-W-CW	1.2 ± 0.0	0.8 ± 0.0	7.7 ± 0.1	0.4 ± 0.1	6.4 ± 0.1	n.d
FD-W-HW	3.6 ± 0.0	2.7 ± 0.0	12.0 ± 0.5	n.d	2.0 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.0
FD-W-50E	2.4 ± 0.0	1.6 ± 0.0	30.6 ± 0.1	0.9 ± 0.0	10.2 ± 0.1	0.3 ± 0.0
FD-W-70E	5.1 ± 0.0	2.7 ± 0.0	46.8 ± 0.3	1.4 ± 0.2	15.0 ± 0.1	0.4 ± 0.0

HPLC chromatogram of standard references and tested sample extracts can be found in Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The results are expressed as mg/g extract
Values are the mean ± standard deviation of triplicate analyses
^aNot determined
^b^{, c}3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, respectively
^dLuteolin 7-O-β-glycoside
^eScutellarein 7-O-β-glucuronide
^fQuercetin 3-O-β-glucuronide