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Applied Biological Chemistry
Figure 1 | Applied Biological Chemistry

Figure 1

From: Acaricidal and repellent activities of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) oil and 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal against Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae)

Figure 1

Filter paper arena used in the repellent bioassays. Two concentric circles (3.0 and 7.0 cm diameter, line A: start line and line B: finish line) were drawn by pencil on the filter paper. Each test sample or ethanol alone (negative control) was applied outside the finish line (dark grey) on the filter paper. A single unfed nymph or adult was first tested on the control filter paper, and subsequently on the filter paper with test samples. Each tick was placed with a soft paint brush (5 mm wide) in the center of the arena. Ticks were carefully observed until they crossed the finish line (line B), and the time required to travel from the start line (line A) to finish line (line B) was recorded

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