Nitrogen (N) use efficiency and yield in rice under varying types and rates of N source: chemical fertilizer, livestock manure compost and food waste-livestock manure compost

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 5 Yield and yield components of rice affected by different types and rates of fertilization

Treatment	Yield (kg ha⁻¹)		Tiller per hill	Grains per panicle	1000 grains weight (g)	Ripening rate (%)
Treatment	Unhulled	Hulled	Tiller per hill	Grains per panicle	1000 grains weight (g)	Ripening rate (%)
NF	5860 ± 351b	4336 ± 259b	15.1 ± 0.4d	80.9 ± 3.4d	24.4 ± 0.1 ns	89 ± 3d
SF	7819 ± 802a	5786 ± 593a	16.0 ± 0.6bcd	90.3 ± 2.3abc	25.4 ± 0.6	97 ± 2a
SDF	7917 ± 503a	5858 ± 372a	17.1 ± 0.8abc	88.9 ± 1.1abcd	24.7 ± 0.2	96 ± 1abc
SDF + LMC₁	7392 ± 270a	5470 ± 200a	17.0 ± 0.1abc	84.1 ± 2.5 cd	24.2 ± 1.4	97 ± 2a
SDF + LMC₂	7621 ± 789a	5640 ± 584a	15.8 ± 1.6 cd	90.4 ± 2.6abc	25.1 ± 0.1	97 ± 2ab
SDF + LMC₃	7729 ± 797a	5720 ± 589a	17.4 ± 0.5ab	85.4 ± 9.7bcd	25.5 ± 0.9	93 ± 2bcd
SDF + FW-LMC₁	8387 ± 412a	6207 ± 305a	17.2 ± 0.4abc	95.6 ± 0.7a	24.8 ± 0.9	93 ± 2abc
SDF + FW-LMC₂	8266 ± 531a	6117 ± 393a	16.6 ± 0.8abc	93.7 ± 4.7ab	25.3 ± 0.9	96 ± 3abc
SDF + FW-LMC₃	7947 ± 1,117a	5881 ± 827a	17.9 ± 0.8a	92.8 ± 5.6ab	23.6 ± 0.6	92 ± 3 cd
F-value	3.66	3.66	4.03	3.14	2.16	4.95

⁺NF (No N fertilizer), SF (100% CF – Standard fertilization), SDF (100% CF – Soil diagnosis fertilization), SDF + LMC_1 − 3 (SDF + 100, 150 and 300% LMC), SDF + FW-LMC_1 − 3 (SDF + 100, 150 and 300% FW + LMC).