Aptamer-based CRISPR-Cas powered diagnostics of diverse biomarkers and small molecule targets

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 2 Key representative examples of CRISPR-Cas proteins and aptamers in diagnostic assays of variety of targets

Target	Signal	CRISPR-Cas Effector	LOD	Refs.
DNA methylation	Fluorescence	Cas12b	10^–8 nM	[6]
Extracellular vesicle	Fluorescence	Cas12a	100 particles/mL	[88]
Extracellular vesicles	Fluorescence	Cas12a	100 particles/µL	[89]
ATP	Fluorescence	Cas12a	0.39 μM	[67]
Na⁺	Fluorescence	Cas12a	0.21 μM	[67]
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)	Biolayer interferometry (BLI)	Cas12a	0.8 ng mL − 1	[90]
Salmonella typhimurium	Electrochemical	Cas12a	20 CFU/mL	[38]
Bacillus cereus	Fluorescence/RNA Light-Up	Cas13a	10 CFU	[91]
PDGF-BB	Fluorescence	Cas12a	0.75 pM	[29]
Telomere	Fluorescence	Cas9	–	[92]
17β-estradiol	Raman sensing/LFA	Cas12a	10 pM	[93]
Thrombin	Electrochemical	Cas12a	1.26 fM	[40]
ATP and Na⁺	LRET	Cas12a	~ 18 nM and ~ 0.37 μM	[68]
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)	Colorimetric/AuNPs	Cas12a	0.030 ng/ mL	[69]
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI)	Fluorescence	Cas13d	12.6 pM	[87]