Occurrence and health risk assessment of antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead in fresh fruits consumed in South Korea

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 1 Analytical performance obtained from the method in this study

Metal	R²	LOD (µg kg⁻¹)^a	LOQ (µg kg⁻¹)^a	CRM NIST 1573a Tomato leaves
Metal	R²	LOD (µg kg⁻¹)^a	LOQ (µg kg⁻¹)^a	Certified values (mg kg⁻¹)	Determined values (mg kg⁻¹)^b	RSD (%)
As	0.9997	2.141	7.065	0.1126 ± 0.0024	0.1085 ± 0.0048	4.4
Cd	0.9999	2.239	7.389	1.517 ± 0.027	1.232 ± 0.004	0.3
Cr	1.0000	2.348	7.748	1.988 ± 0.034	1.765 ± 0.021	1.2
Ni	0.9999	2.679	8.841	1.582 ± 0.041	1.428 ± 0.021	1.4
Sb	1.0000	2.098	6.923	0.0619 ± 0.0032	0.0591 ± 0.0005	0.8

Metal	R²	LOD (µg kg⁻¹)^a	LOQ (µg kg⁻¹)^a	Recovery sets at three concentration levels
Metal	R²	LOD (µg kg⁻¹)^a	LOQ (µg kg⁻¹)^a	Fortification levels (mg kg⁻¹)^c	Rec (%)	RSD (%)
Ba	0.9996	3.009	9.930	0.4	112.1	3.2
				2.0	103.6	0.7
				4.0	114.1	1.2
Pb	0.9999	2.732	9.016	0.1	105.6	1.1
				0.3	104.1	2.2
				0.6	99.8	1.9

R² coefficient of determination, LOD limit of detection, LOQ limit of quantification, Rec Recovery, RSD relative standard deviation
^aIn the calculation of LOD and LOQ, the sample mass (0.25 g) and the final volume (10 mL) were taken into account. Thus, LOD (µg kg⁻¹) = 40 × LOD (µg L⁻¹)
^bMean ± standard deviation (n = 3)
^cNoncertified value