Characterization of volatile compounds of Perilla crop (Perilla frutescens L.) in South Korea

Sa, Kyu Jin; Jang, So Jung; Lee, Sookyeong; Park, Hyun; Cho, Jungeun; Sung, Jungsook; Lee, Ju Kyong

doi:10.1186/s13765-023-00801-6

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 2 Composition and comparison of volatile compounds of three types of Perilla accessions

From: Characterization of volatile compounds of Perilla crop (Perilla frutescens L.) in South Korea

Volatile Compound	Retention time	Chemical class	All accessions (n = 80)	CF (n = 40)	WF (n = 20)	WC (n = 20)	Statistical comparison^a
1-Penten-3-ol	17.16	Alcohols	0.219 ± 0.297	0.132 ± 0.085	0.220 ± 0.381	0.391 ± 0.399	WC ≠ CF
2-Penten-1-ol	23.12	Alcohols	0.124 ± 0.160	0.079 ± 0.058	0.122 ± 0.200	0.216 ± 0.216	WC ≠ CF
1-Hexanol	24.22	Alcohols	0.019 ± 0.019	0.013 ± 0.007	0.017 ± 0.018	0.032 ± 0.028	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
(Z)-Hex-3-en-1-ol	25.45	Alcohols	0.238 ± 0.258	0.168 ± 0.090	0.188 ± 0.186	0.427 ± 0.418	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
1-Octen-3-ol	27.57	Alcohols	3.594 ± 3.581	2.261 ± 0.812	3.650 ± 2.362	6.203 ± 5.956	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Shisool	48.65	Alcohols	0.457 ± 1.318	-	0.008 ± 0.034	1.820 ± 2.149	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
2-Methylbutanal	8.77	Aldehydes	0.008 ± 0.008	0.005 ± 0.003	0.008 ± 0.007	0.013 ± 0.013	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
β-Methylbutanal	8.89	Aldehydes	0.015 ± 0.018	0.010 ± 0.005	0.013 ± 0.012	0.027 ± 0.032	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Hexanal	14.55	Aldehydes	0.195 ± 0.272	0.127 ± 0.081	0.199 ± 0.321	0.328 ± 0.403	WC ≠ CF
E-2-pentenal	16.45	Aldehydes	0.018 ± 0.022	0.013 ± 0.007	0.015 ± 0.018	0.033 ± 0.035	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
(E)-2-Hexenal	19.85	Aldehydes	0.805 ± 0.905	0.458 ± 0.232	0.699 ± 0.624	1.607 ± 1.402	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
2,4-Hexadienal	26.63	Aldehydes	2.072 ± 2.124	1.220 ± 0.387	1.787 ± 1.165	4.061 ± 3.365	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Perilla aldehyde	43.96	Aldehydes	6.635 ± 17.988	-	0.117 ± 0.524	26.422 ± 28.205	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Myristicin	61.63	Benzodioxoles	3.165 ± 12.428	-	6.974 ± 19.683	5.688 ± 14.550	ns.
Dill apiol	64.44	Benzodioxoles	4.786 ± 15.849	-	5.311 ± 13.548	13.832 ± 26.948	WC ≠ CF
Methyl benzoate	34.91	Esters	1.063 ± 3.179	0.023 ± 0.020	0.433 ± 1.434	3.773 ± 5.435	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Methyl salicylate	43.49	Esters	1.607 ± 2.139	1.825 ± 1.530	1.160 ± 2.954	1.618 ± 2.275	ns.
2-Ethylfuran	10.02	Ethers	0.069 ± 0.072	0.042 ± 0.019	0.059 ± 0.067	0.132 ± 0.103	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)furan	26.89	Ethers	0.019 ± 0.044	0.018 ± 0.029	0.029 ± 0.073	0.012 ± 0.029	ns.
Elemicin	60.32	Ethers	1.059 ± 6.656	-	-	4.235 ± 13.040	ns.
1-Penten-3-one	12.36	Ketones	0.042 ± 0.048	0.032 ± 0.023	0.035 ± 0.037	0.071 ± 0.077	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-one	24.03	Ketones	0.032 ± 0.057	0.014 ± 0.008	0.024 ± 0.028	0.074 ± 0.100	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Perilla ketone	43.87	Ketones	60.462 ± 38.721	87.232 ± 2.894	64.482 ± 33.582	2.902 ± 8.714	CF ≠ WC; CF ≠ WF; WF ≠ WC
Isoegomaketone	49.77	Ketones	1.194 ± 4.913	0.185 ± 0.135	3.572 ± 8.889	0.832 ± 3.618	WF ≠ CF
β-Pinene	15.47	Monoterpenes	0.028 ± 0.093	-	0.000 ± 0.001	0.111 ± 0.162	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
β-Myrcene	17.43	Monoterpenes	0.035 ± 0.064	0.013 ± 0.009	0.027 ± 0.018	0.086 ± 0.112	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
D-Limonene	18.95	Monoterpenes	0.517 ± 1.604	0.004 ± 0.001	0.011 ± 0.020	2.051 ± 2.719	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Linalool	30.86	Monoterpenes	1.231 ± 1.855	0.742 ± 0.278	1.265 ± 0.845	2.175 ± 3.463	WC ≠ CF
α-Terpineol	38.15	Monoterpenes	0.058 ± 0.154	-	-	0.233 ± 0.236	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Eugenol	58.78	Phenylpropanoids	1.200 ± 1.792	0.531 ± 0.719	1.190 ± 0.528	2.548 ± 3.027	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
γ-Elemene	29.06	Sesquiterpenes	0.020 ± 0.025	0.013 ± 0.009	0.018 ± 0.022	0.035 ± 0.040	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Copaene	29.57	Sesquiterpenes	0.045 ± 0.051	0.029 ± 0.022	0.056 ± 0.065	0.067 ± 0.067	WC ≠ CF; WF ≠ CF
β-Bourbonene	30.54	Sesquiterpenes	0.058 ± 0.078	0.042 ± 0.040	0.103 ± 0.124	0.044 ± 0.060	WF ≠ CF; WF ≠ WC
Caryophyllene	33.75	Sesquiterpenes	2.330 ± 2.303	1.001 ± 0.644	2.451 ± 1.721	4.865 ± 2.783	WC ≠ CF; WF ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
α-Humulene	37.36	Sesquiterpenes	0.702 ± 0.685	0.323 ± 0.198	0.733 ± 0.511	1.428 ± 0.866	WC ≠ CF; WF ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
bicyclogermacrene	40.96	Sesquiterpenes	0.229 ± 0.252	0.155 ± 0.104	0.212 ± 0.213	0.395 ± 0.395	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Caryophyllene oxide	52.05	Sesquiterpenes	0.099 ± 0.201	0.028 ± 0.008	0.078 ± 0.090	0.263 ± 0.347	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
Nerolidol	53.27	Sesquiterpenes	0.142 ± 0.124	0.077 ± 0.031	0.141 ± 0.100	0.275 ± 0.157	WC ≠ CF; WF ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
(E)-β-Farnesene	36.13	Sesquiterpenes	0.381 ± 1.578	0.013 ± 0.010	0.638 ± 2.439	0.863 ± 1.951	ns.
(Z,E)-α-Farnesene	39.48	Sesquiterpenes	4.711 ± 4.243	2.981 ± 1.788	3.707 ± 2.947	9.176 ± 5.591	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF
(E)-γ-Bisabolene	47.98	Sesquiterpenes	0.317 ± 0.310	0.192 ± 0.124	0.250 ± 0.225	0.635 ± 0.417	WC ≠ CF; WC ≠ WF

CF: Cultivated type of var. frutescenes; WF: Weedy type of var. frutescens; WC: Weedy type of var. crispa
^aStatistical significance among three different types of Perilla accessions. Comparison was performed with ANOVA followed by Fisher’s LDS (p < 0.05)

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