High-iron consumption decreases copper accumulation and colon length, and alters serum lipids

Lee, Jisu; Lee, Hyun-Joo; Jang, Hyunsoo; Lee, Jae-Joon; Ha, Jung-Heun

doi:10.1186/s13765-024-00861-2

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 4 Summary of statistical analysis by two-way analysis variance (ANOVA) for main effects and interactions

From: High-iron consumption decreases copper accumulation and colon length, and alters serum lipids

Parameter	Fe main effect	Cu main effect	Fe X Cu interaction
Final body weight	* p < 0.05	ns p = 0.591	ns p = 0.658
Δ body weight	* p < 0.05	ns p = 0.501	ns p = 0.590
Daily Δ body weight	* p < 0.05	ns p = 0.501	ns p = 0.590
Food intake	* p < 0.05	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.669
Energy intake	* p < 0.05	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.669
Food efficiency ratio	ns p = 0.200	* p < 0.05	ns p = 0.752
Heart/Body weight	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Liver/Body weight	**** p < 0.0001	** p < 0.01	* p < 0.05
Kidney/Body weight	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.554	ns p = 0.877
Spleen/Body weight	ns p = 0.589	ns p = 0.059	ns p = 0.440
Pancreas/Body weight	** p < 0.01	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
EAT/Body weight	** p < 0.01	** p < 0.01	ns p = 0.350
Colon length	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.125	**** p < 0.0001
Serum glucose	* p < 0.05	ns p = 0.069	ns p = 0.800
Serum insulin	ns p = 0.240	ns p = 0.531	** p < 0.01
HOMA-IR	ns p = 0.286	ns p = 0.870	ns p = 0.197
Serum triglyceride	ns p = 0.733	ns p = 0.629	ns p = 0.756
Serum total cholesterol	ns p = 0.320	* p < 0.05	**** p < 0.0001
Serum HDL-cholesterol	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Serum Non-HDL-cholesterol	ns p = 0.434	ns p = 0.601	*** p < 0.001
Cardiac risk factor	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.216	* p < 0.05
Serum ALP	**** p < 0.0001	* p < 0.05	ns p = 0.074
Serum AST	**** p < 0.0001	* p < 0.05	ns p = 0.180
Serum ALT	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.589	ns p = 0.307
Hb	* p < 0.05	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
HCT	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Serum non-heme Fe	ns p = 0.166	** p < 0.01	* p < 0.05
TIBC	ns p = 0.932	ns p = 0.401	* p < 0.05
Tf saturation	ns p = 0.588	**** p < 0.0001	** p < 0.01
Liver hepcidin mRNA expression	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Liver Fe	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.259	ns p = 0.944
Spleen Fe	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	** p < 0.01
Heart Fe	ns p = 0.473	* p < 0.05	* p < 0.05
Kidney Fe	** p < 0.01	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Serum Fe	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.645	ns p = 0.357
Feces Fe	**** p < 0.0001	** p < 0.01	** p < 0.01
Small intestine Fe	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.561	ns p = 0.523
Liver Cu	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Spleen Cu	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Heart Cu	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Kidney Cu	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Serum Cu	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001
Feces Cu	* p < 0.05	**** p < 0.0001	** p < 0.01
Small intestine Cu	**** p < 0.0001	**** p < 0.0001	ns p = 0.457

EAT epididymal adipose tissue; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HDL high-density lipoprotein; ALP alkaline phosphatase; AST asparate aminotransferase; ALT alanine aminotransferase; Hb hemoglobin; HCT hematocrit; TIBC total iron-binding capacity; Tf transferrin; ns not significant
^* p < 0.05
^** p < 0.01
^*** p < 0.001
^**** p < 0.0001

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