Fig. 6

Effects of TP1 on the phosphorylation levels of MAPK pathway proteins. Raw264.7 macrophages were pretreated with TP1 (25 µM), followed by treatment with LPS (0.1 µg/mL) for 30 min. a ERK, c JNK, and e p38 phosphorylation levels were measured by western blot analysis. b p-ERK /β-actin, d p-JNK/β-actin, and f p-p38/β-actin expression levels were quantified by ImageJ software. *p < 0.05 compared with the LPS group. The data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Three independent experiments were performed. Among them, representative data are presented