Development and application of a high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection (HPLC–DAD) method for the simultaneous quantification of phenolic compounds in the aerial part of Glehnia littoralis

Applied Biological Chemistry

Table 4 TE (mg g⁻¹ ex) and TEAC values of major antioxidant compounds in G. littoralis extracts and their antioxidant capacities

Peak	Compound	TEAC³	TE from aerial part		TE from root
Peak	Compound	TEAC³	95% EtOH extract	Water extract	95% EtOH extract	Water extract
1	Chlorogenic acid	1.43	4.34 ± 0.91 ^*	1.44 ± 0.20	0.45 ± 0.01 ^*	0.01 ± 0.00
2	Caffeic acid	1.37	0.15 ± 0.01	0.14 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.01
4	Rutin	2.34	3.86 ± 0.17 ^***	1.51 ± 0.04	n.d.⁴	n.d
6	Isoquercetin	1.56	1.07 ± 0.08 ^**	0.31 ± 0.01	n.d	n.d
Total TE¹			9.36 ± 1.20	3.39 ± 0.09	0.65 ± 0.03	0.15 ± 0.00
TAA (%)²			74.8	56.9	48.6	64.1

All value was calculated using Trolox calibration curve (y = 53.101x + 3.9368, R² = 0.9988) and represented as mean ± SD (n = 3). Each data was represented as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3) and statistically analyzed using one-tailed t-test. significant differences were assessed by ***(P < 0.001), **(P < 0.01), *(P < 0.05)
¹TE, Trolox equivalent
²TAA, Percentage of the total antioxidant activity of all identified compounds
³TEAC, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, concentration of Trolox (μM) that exhibits the same activity as 1 μM each identified compound
⁴n.d., not detected